After almost three weeks of researching and playing, I was able to achieve pkg C10 with W680D4ID-2T/G5/X550 board (full story there: https://forum.level1techs.com/t/asrock-rack-w680d4id-2t-g5-x550-c-states-aspm-problem/221103), unfortunately only without one NVMe and dGPU installed.
As far as I understand C8 and C10 requires ASPM L1 substates (more particularity L1.1 or L1.2), but for some unknown reason CPU PCIe lines don't support it (at least Linux's lspci doesn't show those capabilities), but BIOS has L1 substate option enabled (though I cannot change it).
Is it a BIOS bug or modern Intel CPU doesn't support L1 substates on those lines?
UPD. I was able to enable L1 substates for CPU PCIe lines, but unfortunately Linux for some reason doesn't use them, moreover it limits the system by pkg C3 instead of C6.