February 13Feb 13 Community Expert Don't really know why you were trying to check filesystem on disk4. It is mounting. What we were trying to get you to do was fix the connections on disk4 so it could be read, and hopefully emulate disks 3, 9.And even if it did need repair, that wouldn't help with the unmountable disks 3, 9Leave disks 3, 9 unassigned.Check filesystem on emulated disk3, by which I mean, the slot disk3 was assigned to, not the actual physical disk. Post the output.
February 13Feb 13 Author 5 hours ago, trurl said:Don't really know why you were trying to check filesystem on disk4. It is mounting. What we were trying to get you to do was fix the connections on disk4 so it could be read, and hopefully emulate disks 3, 9.And even if it did need repair, that wouldn't help with the unmountable disks 3, 9Leave disks 3, 9 unassigned.Check filesystem on emulated disk3, by which I mean, the slot disk3 was assigned to, not the actual physical disk. Post the output.Phase 1 - find and verify superblock... couldn't verify primary superblock - not enough secondary superblocks with matching geometry !!! attempting to find secondary superblock... 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.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Sorry, could not find valid secondary superblock Exiting now. Both Disk 3 and 9 fail to fix, same issues as when they were attached to the array, tower-diagnostics-20260214-0643.zip
February 13Feb 13 Community Expert 3 minutes ago, trurl said:can't read disk4.Doesn't look like any motherboard ports are being used. Can you plug disk4 there?
February 13Feb 13 Author 3 minutes ago, trurl said:Doesn't look like any motherboard ports are being used. Can you plug disk4 there?They aren't plugged directly into the motherboard, Each bay of 4 HDD's is plugged into the LSI HBA via a SAS SFF-8643 Host to 4 SATA cable.
February 13Feb 13 Author 1 minute ago, Kosturi said:They aren't plugged directly into the motherboard, Each bay of 4 HDD's is plugged into the LSI HBA via a SAS SFF-8643 Host to 4 SATA cable.I could try bypass the HDD to the motherboard for testing but it would make a mess of the cabling
February 14Feb 14 Community Expert syslog looks like connection problems, not disk problems. And SMART attributes for disk4 look OK. But it hasn't had an extended self-test.
February 14Feb 14 Author 2 minutes ago, trurl said:syslog looks like connection problems, not disk problems. And SMART attributes for disk4 look OK. But it hasn't had an extended self-test.I've just purchased a whole set of new SAS SFF-8643 cables. I will replace them all, and maybe move the LSI HBA to the other PCI-E port. If this still shows problems I might look at replacing the HBA with the 9305-16I I was reading about.
February 14Feb 14 I had a disk stuck in an emulated state. No errors thrown, SMART check would work but fail near the end. I tried quite a bit to fix it over a six month period but I ended up getting new drives to replace it, and in the process created a New Config, preserve all removing the disabled drive, stopped the parity-sync, a new config preserve all and added the new drive, and then stopped the parity-sync, did a new config again preserve all and it let me add the disabled disk into a different drive slot where it was unmountable and from there I was able to format and use the disk. The only thing I can think of is that something had damaged the zfs filesystem on the disk and the format (instant format) corrected it. I was very lucky that the disk didn't have anything I needed to be concerned with keeping as moving items from an emulated disk to a new hard drive took FOREVER (hours and hours to move 500 gigs of items - with 15TB remaining to transfer I decided the data loss was worth avoiding 1+ week it was going to take). Edited February 14Feb 14 by unraid userr
February 14Feb 14 Community Expert 51 minutes ago, unraid userr said:moving items from an emulated disk to a new hard driveBetter if you copy (not move) it somewhere off the array. That keeps parity and all other array disks unchanged, and will be much faster. Then you can copy the data back to the newly formatted disk when everything is working well again.
February 14Feb 14 Author 1 hour ago, trurl said:Better if you copy (not move) it somewhere off the array. That keeps parity and all other array disks unchanged, and will be much faster. Then you can copy the data back to the newly formatted disk when everything is working well again.Okay so since this has been a headache on basically all of the drives in the array, not just the 3 that it is presenting in now. I might backup the important data on my second Nas. Delete the replaceable stuff and format all the HDDs in the array. If I keep the 2 parity drives as is, and format the 10 storage ones. Would it rebuild the 10 storage ones via the parity drives or would that be too much for the system? If I'm going to this extreme I could also just wipe the whole lot and start from scratch.
February 14Feb 14 Author 2 hours ago, unraid userr said:I had a disk stuck in an emulated state. No errors thrown, SMART check would work but fail near the end. I tried quite a bit to fix it over a six month period but I ended up getting new drives to replace it, and in the process created a New Config, preserve all removing the disabled drive, stopped the parity-sync, a new config preserve all and added the new drive, and then stopped the parity-sync, did a new config again preserve all and it let me add the disabled disk into a different drive slot where it was unmountable and from there I was able to format and use the disk. The only thing I can think of is that something had damaged the zfs filesystem on the disk and the format (instant format) corrected it. I was very lucky that the disk didn't have anything I needed to be concerned with keeping as moving items from an emulated disk to a new hard drive took FOREVER (hours and hours to move 500 gigs of items - with 15TB remaining to transfer I decided the data loss was worth avoiding 1+ week it was going to take).I'm feeling like mine is a similar situation to what you had. I have a feeling way back when I replaced a parity drive, it corrupted the zfs filesystem or sector lookup tables or something, as that's when this issue all started. Luckily of the 40tb I have, probably 37 I can dump and regain again later. And have drives I can backup the following 3tb on
February 14Feb 14 Community Expert 11 hours ago, Kosturi said:If I keep the 2 parity drives as is, and format the 10 storage ones. Would it rebuild the 10 storage ones via the parity drives or would that be too much for the system?If you format any disk in the array, parity will agree it has been formatted and rebuilding it would result in a formatted disk.Dual parity only allows 2 disabled/emulated/missing disks to be rebuilt. Single parity only allows 1.Parity does not contain any of your data. It just provides the missing data from the parity calculation by reading parity plus all other disks. Parity by itself can rebuild nothing.Parity is very simple, and it is basically the same concept wherever it is used and however it is implemented. Understanding how Unraid implements parity makes the answer to many questions obvious. If you are interested, follow this link then expand the How Parity Works section:https://docs.unraid.net/unraid-os/getting-started/what-is-unraid/#arrays-and-parity
February 14Feb 14 Community Expert 10 minutes ago, trurl said:format any disk in the array, parity will agree it has been formattedFormat is a write operation. It writes an empty filesystem to the disk (that is what format has always meant in every OS you have ever used).Unraid treats this write operation just as it does any other, by updating parity. So, parity and the rest of the array are in sync and agree the disk has been formatted. If the disk were then rebuilt, the parity calculation from reading parity plus all other disks would result in a formatted disk.
February 20Feb 20 Author So I went and upgraded the HBA from 9300-16i to a 9305-16i, replaced all of the cables, so everything is new. Backed up all of the data I had, formatted every hard drive. Set the unraid as a new config. Reassigned everything as fresh, so its a bare bones new set up. Booted it up. It started a parity sync. when it got to 1%. Disk 6 and 8 are reporting the same issuestower-diagnostics-20260220-1708.zip
February 20Feb 20 Community Expert Disk6 dropped offline, typically a power/connection issue, if you replaced the SATA cables, it could be on the power side, including the PSU.
February 20Feb 20 Author 19 minutes ago, JorgeB said:Disk6 dropped offline, typically a power/connection issue, if you replaced the SATA cables, it could be on the power side, including the PSU.Its a 850W PSU so shouldn't have any issues. I just replaced some more cables to change the SATA and MOLEX cables to be off a separate rail on the PSU instead of being all off the same one.The real question is, if these are the cause, how come the NAS ran fine for 4 months, and then decided to have issues
February 20Feb 20 Author Solution sOkay I don't want to get ahead of myself, but so far nothing has failed and this is a record time for that. I have rearranged the cabling as per the 2 diagrams above. With the top one being the original set up. Talking to my friend, we think maybe the delayed failures was due to it being a fresh PSU and running fine, but from that original set up it probably has stressed the 5v rail to barely be able to handle it under load. Hope this is the actual fix, I will let the parity sync finish, and update on how it is looking after that 18 hours is up.
February 21Feb 21 Author On 2/20/2026 at 8:34 AM, Kosturi said:sOkay I don't want to get ahead of myself, but so far nothing has failed and this is a record time for that. I have rearranged the cabling as per the 2 diagrams above. With the top one being the original set up. Talking to my friend, we think maybe the delayed failures was due to it being a fresh PSU and running fine, but from that original set up it probably has stressed the 5v rail to barely be able to handle it under load. Hope this is the actual fix, I will let the parity sync finish, and update on how it is looking after that 18 hours is up.So almost 2 days later, full parity check and no issues, I think this resolved it. Cheers for all the help everyone
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