Verifying IOMMU parameters   dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU Intel will show something similar:   There should be a line that looks like "DMAR: IOMMU enabled". If there is no output, something is wrong.   Verify IOMMU interrupt remapping is enabled   It is not possible to use PCI passthrough without interrupt remapping. Device assignment will fail with 'Failed to assign device "[device name]": Operation not permitted' or 'Interrupt Remapping h