Having a similar issue after updating. Changing the docker repositry to linuxserver/mariadb:10.6.13 gets things running again.
230601 01:17:37 mysqld_safe Starting mariadbd daemon with databases from /config/databases
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] Starting MariaDB 10.11.3-MariaDB-log source revision 0bb31039f54bd6a0dc8f0fc7d40e6b58a51998b0 as process 5244
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.13
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 256.000MiB, chunk size = 4.000MiB
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffered log writes (block size=512 bytes)
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Upgrade after a crash is not supported. The redo log was created with MariaDB 10.5.12. You must start up and shut down MariaDB 10.7 or earlier.
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Plugin initialization aborted with error Generic error
2023-06-01 1:17:37 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2023-06-01 1:17:38 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2023-06-01 1:17:38 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2023-06-01 1:17:38 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
2023-06-01 1:17:38 0 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2023-06-01 1:17:38 0 [ERROR] Aborting
230601 01:17:38 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended