Thanks c3!
I thought this is a effect of shoeshining, because this wiki-entry: "Shoe-shining decreases the attainable data transfer rate, drive and tape life, and tape capacity."
I have done some tests the last days.. I got ~80 MB/s for backup and 70 MB/s for restore data. The files were >20 GB. But then, when i tried to backup a dataset (whole set 1,15 TB, files ~7-8GB) which i already unsuccessfully tried often before to backup to a LTO5 tape (1,31 TB), i get again about ~40 MB/s and the data doesnt fit again on the tape.
As next, i combined a part (587 GB) of this dataset to 5 archives (7z) to get larger files. When i backuped these archives i get 70 MB/s, but these 587 GB takes 772 GB on the tape.
I checked some other tapes which i have already recorded in the past. There i have 1200-1300 GB data on LTO5 tapes, with different file sizes (2-25 GB).
Any idea whats going wrong?