ConnerVT
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Posts posted by ConnerVT
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1164 - 1064 = 100
(Sorry. I just couldn't help myself) 😝
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The Devil is in the details.
If you go with a 400W UPS, you will need to set the shut down to be basically immediately (say, 1 minute). It takes Unraid a few minutes to shut down - It spins up all drives, shuts down Docker, VM and other services, unmounts the file system before taking the array offline, then powers down. Always good to time how long a clean shut down takes for your system (there are Unraid settings you can tweak to allow extra time before Unraid kills processes if something needs extra time to shut down gracefully).
Another thing to consider is how a UPS actual behaves vs. how it theoretically behaves. Even a momentary power sag, one which you may not even notice your lights flicker, will kick it to battery for a moment. And this alone can drop your battery by several percent. And take the UPS a couple of hours to top off.
Most power events are not simple. A thunderstorm may give multiple power sags as above. Or maybe even several longer power outages, of a minute or so, over an hour. Each will delete battery reserve power. How much depends on how much/hard the attached load is. So each time the power comes back, you are not starting with a 100% charges 400W UPS, but of something much less.
So my recommendation isn't really overkill. A UPS is insurance for not losing data by unclean shut down of the server. The only thing worse than not having insurance is to spend money, think you are covered, then find out you aren't.
Auto start - Setting the BIOS to power on the server when power is restored won't work. The APCUPSD native to Unraid has a setting - Turn the UPS AC power output off after shutdown. If you turn off the AC power, it won't come on once main power is restored, so your server won't start. Or you leave the UPS power on after shutting down the server, so your server won't start. You will need to power the server back on by another method - via USB, Ethernet, etc. Most basic UPS do not have such a feature.
APCUPSD goes back to the very early UNIX/Linux days, and was written for APC brand hardware. Most major manufacturer's of UPS support APC's command set and communication protocols, so work with APCUPSD. Once you find a unit you think to buy, you can do an Internet search to confirm. Another popular program is NUT which I believe can utilize other brand's formats/enhancements (disclaimer: I've never have used it).
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SSD cannot be trimmed when in the Array. While they can be assigned to the array, they may degrade over time and give you errors. Not a good solution for a long term plan.
What I have done is create separate pools for three of my drives: 2TB NVMe, 2TB SSD and an ancient 120GB SSD I've repurposed many times since 2012.
2TB NVMe- Used for system and appdata Shares, as well as cache for most of my other shares (except Media)
2TB SSD - Used to support VMs. It has my domain and iso Shares. Fast storage for VMs and I like having it on a dedicated drive.
120GB - Used for my transcoding working directories/shares (Plex/Handbrake/ffmpeg). I've had this drive forever. I lost count how many systems it has been used. Too small to use for much else, so I will keep trying to get it to error - something it has never done (according to SMART).
What's great about Unraid is there is no "Right Way" to do things. Go with what works best for your needs.
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Most major brand consumer UPS will do most of what you ask. For a system that is (actually measured to run) 300W max, you are going to want a good sized unit. 1000W at a minimum, 1500W would be better. A UPS is not meant to keep a server running indefinitely, but rather to ride out a few minutes of power gone time then gracefully shut down the server (which again will take a few minutes to accomplish. Ideally you don't want to run your battery down below 50% charge/run time. It is bad for battery longevity and it takes *much* longer to charge than discharge.
The only thing that is difficult to implement is "Auto boot". After power goes out, you then shut down the server (power off state). Depending what else you may have connected to the UPS (router, modem, network gear, etc) you can then decide if you wish to keep the UPS power output on or off. (Leaving it on continues to discharge the battery, even if everything connected is powered off).
Once the AC power returns, you want to power up the server. There are many things to consider: How charged is the battery? How likely will the power stay on (think power blips during a storm)? Surely there are other things to consider. So you need something smart enough to decide it is OK to restart the server, then turn back on the ac output of the UPS, then power on the server. You won't find that in any not "fancy" UPS.
This is a snapshot of my APC RS-1350 MS looks like. It powers the two servers in my siggy (the 1500X is sleeping), a mini-PC firewall, a Raspberry Pi, external HD, and two small network switches. With the 1500X still asleep, max power at shutdown (which will spin up any Unraid drives that are sleeping) reports a UPS Load approaching 200W. (This is why I questioned your 300W max earlier. Don't go buy PSU calculator results, they are looking at momentary peak surges and to sell you a bigger, more expensive power supply).
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Does your BIOS have the Power Supply Idle Control setting? With my 1500X 1st gen Ryzen, it was the only thing I needed to set (along with RAM being at the proper native settings) to squash the lockup bug. Some MB makers removed the setting in newer BIOS (was introduced with AGESA update 1.0.0.2a).
It goes counter to typical thinking (Newer = Better) but if you no longer can find the setting in your BIOS, you may look into rolling back your BIOS to an earlier version.
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Start with this?
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OK. Let's break down Unraid's basic structures.
The base Unraid file system has two types - Array and Pool.
The Array is original to the earliest Unraid OS, and is required to have at least one drive for the OS to work. The array can contain one or two Parity drive, which use Unraid's non-conventional parity protection (unconventional in it does not follow standard RAID formats, allowing for a mixture of drive capacities). Due to it's function of updating Parity drives, SATA/NVMe drives cannot be trimmed, as it would invalidate the contents of the Parity drive(s), as Trim changes happen independent of the Unraid OS knowledge.
Pool (formerly called Cache, and renamed to Pool when Unraid was updated to allow more than 1 Pool to exist. Pools can be configured in multiple RAID configurations, and do allow for SATA/NVMe drives to be trimmed.
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19 hours ago, jhyler said:
Thanks for the replies, folks. Not sure how we got onto the subject of backups, but that really isn't the point for me.
Sorry if I took your thread a bit off-topic. Concerns about failing drives, replacing drives and such usually include issues of data loss and system downtime. For me, that ties the subject to data backup as well.
Earlier in the thread it was mentioned about keeping two cold spare drives on hand, in case the first one failed quickly during replacement. Having a drive on hand is good (as I have one as well). But to have two (or more) in cold storage ties up several hundreds of dollars, just as insurance against something that very rarely happens.
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It likely is a drive read access speed issue. The drives are thrashing around, as unbalance is moving data (reading source drive, writing destination drive, writing parity, erasing removed data from source drive, writing parity, repeat) and also trying to read a large volume of data off the drive where your video file is at the same time.
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Short answer: Buy drives with a known good track record from a reliable vendor, and have a solid backup strategy.
Long answer: This is a rabbit hole many have found themselves lost in. Don't go too far down the rabbit hole, else you may also get lost.
It is all about risk assessment. One needs to look at a number of things, then make a decision for themselves. How valuable is the data? Can it be recovered/replaced from other currently available sources? What kind of failures might I see? How much money/time/resources am I willing to spend to mitigate the risk? How much down time is acceptable if I need to perform data recovery?
The first thing to remember is that parity is not a backup strategy. It does make recovering from a drive failure more convenient as well as minimize down time by emulating the data on the problem drive. A backup is a duplicate copy of data which you have high confidence can be read and restored without error, be it back onto the original server or to another system (in the case where the original server has a catastrophic failure).
It is too bad that you had an issue with the new drive. But stuff happens. New hardware is pretty reliable, and failures typically fall along what is called a bathtub curve - it will either fail very early in is operational life or very late (many years). Running a preclear typically is a good burn in test. At over 2 hours per TB, a drive is run through its paces and stressed a bit. There are more aggressive tests available which do various data patterns, random reads/writes, etc. It comes down to you deciding good enough is good enough and trusting the drive.
In the end, with a backup of your data in hand, a drive failure becomes an inconvenience and not a stressful data recovery event.
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Lolight is quoting my posts from other threads. I'm honored. 😄
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Any USB flash drive made by a reputable manufacturer works with Unraid. What is currently a major issue is that much of the market (especially the online marketplaces such as Amazon, eBay, etc.) have been flooded by counterfeit flash drives. These are typically made with cheaper memory chips (those which marginally pass the factory's quality tests). More of an issue is that these counterfeit flash drives are not programmed with a unique serial number - every one may get the same number or even just all zeros.
If the chips are marginal to begin with, the flash drive may not last very long before it fails. (or worse, the 64GB drive you bought only has 8GB of memory in it).
If the serial number is not unique, the generated GUID will also not be unique and cannot be registered with Unraid.
So what to do? These days I would recommend buying what some may consider a "2nd Tier" brand, such as Kingston, PNY, A-Data, Verbatim. Avoid buying from Amazon, eBay or AliExpress, and ideally buy from an actual brick and mortar store (be it Best Buy or your local pharmacy). Counterfeiters are copying the best selling and well known names - Samsung, SanDisk. People will try to sell you a fake Rolex watch but no one knocks off a Timex.
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SD cards typically do not provide a unique GUID, and do not work properly as an Unraid boot device. There are a limited few card readers which will allow for using a SD card, you would need to search through the forum about these.
As far as keeping a low profile for a flash drive. I (and a number of people) use an inexpensive cable from a USB 2.0 motherboard header to USB Type A, and install the flash drive inside my server's case. I tie wrap the USB connector out of the way, close to the case cover, so it is convienet if I wish to remove it for some reason.
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18 hours ago, dopeytree said:
Don't forget TDP is only actually a measure meant of heat it is nothing to do with energy efficiency. It is a marketing CON.
TDP is, more accurately, an engineering design construct. An algorithm for how much heat is generated over time under a typical CPU workload. Most useful when determining what cooling solution is required for a system, but it can be used for comparing one CPU to another. Not the best for this thread. Unfortunately, Intel only provided TDP in their ARK documentation, not actual power usage.
This is why I noted what STH has been noting in their reviews, which is in line with your observations. One of their most recent reviews have a system at ~8W idle, and 20-25W at full load (and need to consider more than just the CPU is using power in a system, not just the CPU).
So TDP is a fuzzy number, but if that's what you have to work with, that's what you use. Some sources state that the peak power rating for a microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP rating. But in the real world, you also need to consider the processing ability of the CPU. The average desktop CPU may be done processing a task and sitting idle while a low power mobile CPU is still working away at maximum power to complete. So it is power over time that needs to be considered in this discussion.
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6 hours ago, clowncracker said:
I want to only keep 4 backups, but the older versions are not getting deleted (5 copies are here). I want to make sure I have my settings set up correctly:
Delete backups if older than x days:28If you back up once a week, on the 4th week your oldest backup will be 28 days old.
28 Days Old is not Older Than 28 Days. So you end up with 5 weeks of backups, not 4.
Try setting it to 27 days.
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No, for 16TB that's about right. Perhaps even a bit faster than usual.
The UD Preclear runs through the entire disk three times. It reads the entire drive, then writes zeroes, then reads again. So right around 3x the time it would take to do a parity check on an array containing these same model drives.
I just recently precleared two HGST 16TB drives, mounted with a SATA HBA. Took just over 63 hours.
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I'd buy that.
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6 minutes ago, wayner said:
I don't have to do anything in unRAID, do I? It's just a case of shutting down the system, installing the sticks, and starting back up, is it not?
Correct.
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Yes, the U300 is much more capable. But at what price? At idle, 2X the power consumption of the N100. When turbo boost kicks in (not unexpected with a low end resource CPU)? Much, much more.
Intel ARK has the specs for the two written in different ways, so impossible to compare apples to apples.
N100 = 6W TDP
U800 =
Processor Base Power 15 W
Maximum Turbo Power 55 W
Minimum Assured Power 12 WNow TDP isn't the same as actual wattage power. But reviews I've seen (STH) on comparable N100 systems generally idle around the 10-15W range. Figuring support stuff (nic, memory, NVMe, etc) added in, a ~6-8W power budget for the CPU seems fair. If a U800 will hit 55W during boost, it is not unreasonable to put the moderately average power budget of 40W on it. The first generation Ryzen 1500X (65W TDP) in my (now backup) server generally would be loafing most of the time and use about the same as I suspect the U300 does.
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On 12/20/2023 at 4:55 AM, eicar said:
The more modern a CPU is, the more efficient it usually is. In terms of computational power, an N100 is probably on a par with a 6th or 7th gen Intel Core processor, but more efficient, both at load and idle. (And it should be, because it uses only modern E-cores.) In terms of money spent on hardware, there is probably no significant difference between a used 6th gen Intel Core CPU + board and a new N100 board. In the end, however, it boils down to average power consumption and energy costs, and prices are crazy in some places, e.g. here in Europe. So something like the N100 does have a place.
Do not forget there is one other *MAJOR* difference between the N100 and a 6th/7th gen Intel CPU - PCIe lanes. The N100 only gives you 9 to work with, which for a NAS system becomes a real problem when trying to add storage (or anything else, for that matter). The boards look good at a glance, but you always need to look deeper into the details. Such as while they may have a M.2 slot (or two), there is only one PCIe lane for the slot. A NMVe drive will be running at SSD speeds at best vs. the speeds a 4 lane driven NVMe can achieve.
Don't get me wrong, I love these little chips and systems on the market today. My router runs on one (N5105 w/4 2.5Gbe nics), and they are great for running virtualized applications for things we used to strain a Raspberry PI to do. But the currently available hardware is too limited for me for a NAS/Unraid application.
Intel's roadmap is for future server chips to be based on e-cores, obviously with a much greater lane count. These will definitely be a game changer in reducing server power consumption.
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GT 710 is worthless for decoding HEVC / H.265. The transcoding of the UHD Graphics 730 is far superior.
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I think the important part of what Rysy first posted may not recognized here - That the Unraid server may not (and more likely not) be the initial target of this Ransomware attack. What is more likely is that another system on your network has been compromised, and that, in turn, has affected your server.
You should take actions to check all of the devices/systems on your network to determine that they are not also affected by this attack. It may not be apparent, rather lying dormant at this time.
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5 hours ago, SpencerJ said:
I'll speak to the team but I believe we like to hear from the community in these threads. Otherwise, we would only see problems in Gen Support/Bug Reports🤪
I don't disagree with the goal. But I believe that @primeval_god is spot on with his statement above. The announcement thread should be the official statement from Limetech (and can add any additional follow up, as needed). A second thread for issues, comments, successes and problems would make things less cluttered, and allow the announcement thread to be more focused, while allowing you (and the Limetech team) to gather feedback.
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Decrease idle power for Ryzen 5 1500X
in Hardware
Posted
The first generation Ryzen CPUs have a bug which prevents them from going into the low power C-States in Linux, causing system freezes. So you won't find much power savings there.
What are you using the RX 590 for? That is probably a good part of your power consumption.