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Poor VM performance

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I run a number of Virtual Machines on my server, mostly Windows Server 2022 and 2025.

General remote desktop performance of these VMs is poor. The stat menu has a significant amount of lag, for example.

The main VM I use in this way is SR1VDI01, which has 24 passthrough vCPUs (the server has 2x28c Skylake-SP Xeon CPUs). The Cores are not pinned. 64GB RAM, the server has 1536GB. It is using Q35-9.2 and OVMF TPM.

VHD is stored in .img format on NVMe storage, using ZFS over LUKS, via VirtIO. I have accessed this pool directly, without FUSE.

I am not sure what I can do to improve this?

tacgnol-core-diagnostics-20260527-1219.zip

Edited by rtho782

I have a Windows 2022 server VM with 8 vCPUs, don't notice any lag, but I'm not using encryption, not sure if that adds any latency.

I'm also using a zfs zvol, which in my test performed better than an image on zfs.

  • Author
3 minutes ago, JorgeB said:

I have a Windows 2022 server VM with 8 vCPUs, don't notice any lag, but I'm not using encryption, not sure if that adds any latency.

I'm also using a zfs zvol, which in my test performed better than an image on zfs.

I will test converting images to a zvol, I had been meaning to do that anyway.

The pool does have compression on as well. I have 1TiB of RAM allocated to ARC so the ARC hit rate is very high and you would think it would get a bit faster after a while given that most of the reads will come from RAM.....

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