I solved this issue with my linuxserver version of Plex. I assume it would fix this version as well.
From what I could see when I spun up a different instance of Plex is that the com.plexapp.plugins.library.db database was missing the metadata_agent_providers table. The freshly built instance did have this table, with 5 records.
To resolve, I stopped the container, created a backup of the database file and then executed the following commands in sqlite3 to create the table and records. I am not responsible for any damage this will cause, but I have been able to update my docker from 1.32.0 to the latest version. I don't know if there will be any long term impacts to this manual correction.
If you don't know how to open an SQLite3 database or where to find this database, Google is your friend.
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "metadata_agent_providers" (
"id" INTEGER NOT NULL,
"identifier" varchar(255),
"title" varchar(255),
"uri" varchar(255),
"agent_type" integer,
"metadata_types" varchar(255),
"online" boolean,
"created_at" dt_integer(8) NOT NULL,
"updated_at" dt_integer(8) NOT NULL,
"extra_data" varchar(255),
PRIMARY KEY("id" AUTOINCREMENT)
);
INSERT INTO "metadata_agent_providers" VALUES (1,'tv.plex.agents.movie','Plex Movie','provider://tv.plex.provider.metadata',0,'1',1,1687738830,1687738830,'');
INSERT INTO "metadata_agent_providers" VALUES (2,'tv.plex.agents.series','Plex Series','provider://tv.plex.provider.metadata',0,'2,3,4',1,1687738830,1687738830,'');
INSERT INTO "metadata_agent_providers" VALUES (3,'tv.plex.agents.music','Plex Music','provider://tv.plex.provider.metadata',0,'8,9,10',1,1687738830,1687738830,'');
INSERT INTO "metadata_agent_providers" VALUES (4,'org.musicbrainz.agents.music','MusicBrainz','provider://tv.plex.provider.metadata',0,'8,9,10',1,1687738830,1687738830,'');
INSERT INTO "metadata_agent_providers" VALUES (5,'tv.plex.agents.none','Plex Personal Media','',0,'1,2,3,4,8,9,10,20,21,22',1,1687738830,1687738830,'');
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "index_metadata_agent_providers_on_identifier" ON "metadata_agent_providers" (
'identifier'
);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "index_metadata_agent_providers_on_uri" ON "metadata_agent_providers" (
'uri'
);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "index_metadata_agent_providers_on_online" ON "metadata_agent_providers" (
'online'
);
COMMIT;