Just a little update. I think I am going to mark this as the resolution, but I will follow up if I find that I have any valuable info to provide after this.
Intel has confirmed the issue on 13th/14th gens. They are going to be releasing a microcode update in mid August to mitigate the issue. https://community.intel.com/t5/Processors/July-2024-Update-on-Instability-Reports-on-Intel-Core-13th-and/m-p/1617113
However, they have also confirmed that this is a preventative measure, and that affected CPUs won't be "fixed". I will say, my mobo provider had a more recent bios update that I applied the other day, and I haven't had a crash since then. I'm sure intel's board partners are doing whatever they can while they wait for intel to implement the microcode patch.
I'm weighing whether I am going to attempt to RMA mine at this point. I think I'm going to wait for the bios update in August for now. This article touches more on the potential permanent damage to affected CPUs. https://www.techradar.com/computing/cpu/intel-admits-damage-to-unstable-14th-gen-and-13th-gen-cpus-is-permanent-incoming-patch-is-a-preventative-not-a-cure