OP has 1x2TB parity + 5x2TB data to start, disk1 has issues but no data. Wants to replace parity, disk1, and another disk with new 14TB disks.
New Config with new 14TB disks assigned as parity and disk1, all other disks assigned as before, let parity rebuild. After parity rebuilds, it will be in sync with all the disks in the array, including new disk1.
Format new disk1, which writes a new empty filesystem to disk1. This write operation updates parity accordingly just like any other write operation in the array.
Replace/rebuild another disk with the remaining new 14TB disk.
For simplicity, I have left out any discussion of preclear. In this scenario, preclear would be strictly for testing purposes, since Unraid only requires a clear disk when ADDING a disk to a NEW slot in an array that already has valid parity. No disks are being ADDED, just REPLACED.
I personally don't bother with preclear, but I have good (enough) backups, am careful (with connections), diligent (Notifications), and only put a single new untested disk into my array occasionally. Since there will be 3 new untested disks going in you could make an argument for testing.