Reading them, compare them to logs from other Unraid systems, google things that aren't clear, mainly just spend time looking at them. After a while your brain will notice patterns, and something that's out of the ordinary will stick out. Could be relevant, may not be, google and see if it appears elsewhere, and what it indicates.
I don't know of a shortcut to learning how to read diagnostics, you just have to immerse yourself, and after a while you start to feel like you can see the girl in the red dress in the lines of code.