You must always double check all connections when mucking about in the case. What you experienced here may be the most common cause of disks becoming disabled.
Parity is disabled again. SMART for that disk looks OK.
Disk3 isn't disabled since parity was already disabled. SMART for that disk also looks OK.
You almost certainly have connection issues with both of these disks. Check all connections, all disks, both ends, SATA and power, including any splitters.
Disk3 and parity aren't showing as assigned in SMART folder. Maybe they both show up in the Unassigned area.
I see no reason to replace (or remove) either and probably simpler if you don't at least until everything is stable. You can run extended SMART tests if you want but I expect they will pass.
Your system share is the default location of docker.img and libvirt.img, and that is indeed where you have these configured, but since you moved it off cache and onto the missing disk, it doesn't currently exist.
After getting your connections fixed, rebuild parity again, then a non-correcting parity check. After you confirm that you have no sync errors you can consider if you want to change anything, and get your system share back on cache where it belongs.
Single parity is probably fine with so few disks.