That won't work, you can't remove two drives with a single parity.
You can do that, but the invalid partition error can't be fixed by a filesystem check, why I suggested unassigning disk 15, Unraid would recreate the partition and we could see if a valid filesystem exists or not on the emulated disk, I suspect it doesn't.
Only that drive's data would be lost, assuming the old disk is really dead.
My best guess of what happened here:
-disk15 failed (assuming it got disable, even if it didn't it wouldn't change the below)
-you replaced disk15 with a new disk and at the same time added disk16
-Unraid wouldn't let you start the array, it's impossible to replace one disk (disabled or not) and add another disk and start the array, you'd get the error "Invalid expansion. - You may not add new disk(s) and also remove existing disk(s).", this error isn't very helpful, it's an old bug.
-you did a new config, maintained all assignments, including the new disks and started the array, a parity sync/data rebuild would begin (does this ring any bells?)
-Parity sync finished and both disks 15 and 16 are unmoutable with an invalid partition since they were never formatted or rebuilt.
The only other explanation I can think of, though it seems less likely to me, would be some flash drive trouble that would allow you to do something that is not possible on a normally functioning Unraid server.