1. Yes, hardware permitting.
2. Yes to the VM's, the NAS function utilizes entire drives, not just partitions.
3. Very easy to very complex, depending on which OS and what kind of hardware allocations, virtual or real device. The virtual disk can be just a file, so no partitioning needed.
4. Yes, manually. They can be scheduled with scripts. Assuming the USB devices have unique ID's you can attach them like you say.
5. Yes, as long as you have a spare drive or two that you don't mind erasing for use with the trial. You must not assign any drives to the array that you don't want erased. Unraid loads into RAM from the USB Boot stick, it doesn't use a hard drive for the OS. If after you trial Unraid and decide you like it, if you wish to use the entire drive that windows was originally installed on as an array disk, that is easily doable.
6. No. That being said, Unraid uses standard linux KVM as the VM engine, so any guides for migrating foreign VM's to KVM can be adapted to Unraid.